STATEMENT AND CONCLUSIONS

FIVE QUESTIONS IN A BANK  EXAM
For such questions, you can take the help of Venn Diagrams. On the basis of the given statements, you should draw all the possible diagrams, and then derive the solution from each of these diagrams separately. Finally, the answer common to the all the diagrams is taken.

Example 1:

Statement:

All dogs are asses.

All assess are bulls.

Conclusions:

Some dogs are not bulls.

Some bulls are dogs.

All bulls are dogs.

All dogs are bulls.

Solution:

On the basis of both statements, the following one diagram is possible.

From the diagram it is clear that (2) and (4) conclusions logically follow.

Example 2:

Statements:

Some dogs are asses.

Some asses are bulls.

Conclusions:

Some asses are not dogs.

Some dogs are bulls.

Solution:

From these given statements the following diagrams are possible:

From the diagram neither (1) nor (2) conclusions follow. There are some logical rules also to solve these problems.

statements are given. The statements are known as premises. Premise consists of SUBJECT and

PREDICATE.

Premise starts with

ALL

NO

SOME

SOME NOT

Derivation of answers:

----------------------------------------------------------- Affirmative Negative -----------------------------------------------------------

Universal All No

Particular Some Some not Many Many not

------------------------------------------------------------

Middle term: The word that occurs in both the premises is middle term.

Rules for solving deductions (Syllogisms)

Every deduction should contain exactly three terms

The middle term (term present in both the premises) must be distributed at least once

If one of the premises is negative, the conclusion must be negative (will have word no or

not)

If one of the premises is particular, the conclusion must be particular (will have word some,

few, many etc.)

If both the premises are particular, no conclusion can be drawn from the given premises

If both the premises are negative, no conclusion can be drawn from the given premises

A term that is not distributed in the premises can’t be distributed in the conclusion

Data Sufficiency

NEARLY 20+ QUESTION WILL BE ASKED IN SBI AND OTHER PO EXAMS

This is also one interesting section of reasoning paper. Mastering this section is not very difficult but meanwhile may not be a cake walk too.

Example 1. In which year was Rahul born ?

Statements: Rahul at present is 25 years younger to his mother.

Rahul's brother, who was born in 1964, is 35 years younger to his mother.

I alone is sufficient while II alone is not sufficient

II alone is sufficient while I alone is not sufficient

Either I or II is sufficient

Neither I nor II is sufficient

Both I and II are sufficient

Solution: Take statement one & try solving but alone statement 1 will not be sufficient. However

statement 2 is also not sufficient alone, but taking both of the statement together question can be

solved. Hence answer is e.

Example 2. What will be the total weight of 10 poles, each of the same weight ?

Statements: One-fourth of the weight of each pole is 5 kg.

The total weight of three poles is 20 kilograms more than the total weight of two poles.

I alone is sufficient while II alone is not sufficient

II alone is sufficient while I alone is not sufficient

Either I or II is sufficient

Neither I nor II is sufficient

Both I and II are sufficient

Solution: From statement 1. W/4 = 5 therefore W=20 Kg. So total weight = 200 Kg.

From statement 2. 3W= 20+ 2W, W=20. So total weight is 200 Kg.

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Therefore c is the correct answer. To understand various patterns you should practice well & try solving different type of questions.

Statement & Conclusions shortcuts

important topic in ibps po.from this you can expect 5 question surely.be ready prepare well

This section can be really difficult and actually helps exercising your brain cells. Apart from checking your problem solving skills this also checks your ability of choosing the correct questions to answer, because there will be some questions placed deliberately to trap you & will absorb your time.

To believe it or not but there no direct shortcuts or tricks to solve these questions but you can actually train your brain by practicing hard because that will help you learn various patterns. Anyways don’t worry that much, let’s learns few patterns & understand how this section can also be conquered.

Generally the questions in this section are of the following type

Type 1: Statement: In a cricket match, the total runs made by the team were 200. Out of these 160

runs were made by spinners.

Conclusions:

80% of the team consists of spinners.

The opening batsmen were spinners.

Only conclusion I follows

Only conclusion II follows

Either I or II follows

Neither I nor II follows

Both I and II follow

Solution: Now if we calculate (160/200) *100= 80%. Which simplifies the statement into “80%

runs were made by spinners” but that doesn’t conclude that “80% of the team consists of spinners”. Conclusion 1 is simply to confuse your choice. However Conclusion 2 can be easily

removed as given statement doesn’t talk anything about opening batsman.

Type 2: Choose the conclusion which logically follows given statement

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Statement: Soldiers serve their country.

Men generally serve their country.

Those who serve their country are soldiers.

Some men who are soldiers serve their country.

Women do not serve their country because they are not soldiers.

Solution: Conclusion a b & d can be easily removed as statement doesn’t conclude that only

en serve their country or only soldiers can serve their country. However conclusion b is quite lose but doesn’t include that others can also serve their country. Hence conclusion c logically  follows the given statement because this simply leaves the space that women & others can also

serve country.

Bank Exam - Series shortcuts

In these kinds of questions, a series of words , alphabets or a combination is given. And then question is asked on the possible next term in the series.

Despite the fact that it is extremely difficult to lay down all possible combinations of series, still if you follow few steps, you may solve a series question easily & quickly.

Step 1: Do a preliminary screening of the series. If it is a simple series, you will be able to solve this

easily.

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Step 2: If you fail in preliminary screening then determine the trend of the series. Determine

whether this is increasing or decreasing or alternating.

Step 3: (A) Perform this step only if a series is increasing or decreasing

Use following rules:

If rise is slow or gradual, this type of series is likely to have an additional based increase.

Successive numbers have been found by adding some numbers

II. If rise is very sharp initially but slows down later on, the series is likely to be formed by

adding squared or cubed numbers

III. If the rise of a series is throughout equally sharp, the series is likely to be multiplication

based

IV. If the rise is irregular and haphazard, there may be two possibilities. Either there may be a

mix of two series or two different kinds of operations may be going on alternately. (The first

is very likely when the increase is very irregular: the second is more likely when there is a pattern, even in the irregularity of the series.)

Step 3: (B) to be performed when series is alternating

If the rise is irregular and haphazard, there may be two possibilities. Either there may be a mix of two series or two different kinds of operations may be going on alternately. (The first is very likely when the increase is very irregular: the second is more likely when there is a pattern, even in the irregularity of the series.) 

Relationships

In these tests success of a candidate depends upon the knowledge of the blood relations, some of which are summarized below to help solve these tests.

Mother’s or father’s son

Brother Mother or father’s daughter

Sister Mother or father’s brother

Uncle Mother or father’s sister

Aunt Mother or father’s father

Grandfather Mother or father’s mother

Grandmother Son’s wife

Daughter-in-Law Daughter’s husband

Son-in-Law Husband or wife’s sister

Sister-in-Law

Husband or wife’s brother

Brother-in-Law Brother’s son

Nephew Brother’s daughter

Niece Uncle or aunt’s son or daughter

Cousin Sister’s Husband

Brother-in-Law Brother’s wife

Sister-in-Law Grandson’s or Granddaughter’s daughter

Great grand daughter

Typically the questions in this segment are like :

Pointing out a group photograph, R says, “To the right of the man wearing the blue suit is my mother’s father’s son.” How is he related to R?

(a) Uncle

(b) Nephew

(c) Niece

(d) Son

Answer: He is R’s mother’s brother, that is, uncle

Odd one out

In these kind of questions, a set of words, names, numbers or jumbled alphabets are given and the candidates are asked to point out the one which is not a part of the set.

Some examples of variety of questions which come under this section, are as follows:

Type 1: 22, 33, 66, 99, 121, 279, 594

Solution: Each of the number except 279 is a multiple of 11. Therefore 279 is odd one.

Type 2: Endemic, Epidemic, Niche, Rife.

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Solution: All the other words refer to something which is widespread, except Niche which means-a

position particularly well suited & hence this is contrary.

Type 3 :

Which of the following four sets of letters is unlike the other three? DCKL, MNST, NMYZ, QPST (a) DCKL(b) MNST (c) NMYZ (d) QPST

Solution : In MNST, the letters are in alphabetical order. In the other three, the order of the letters will be alphabetical only when the first two are interchanged.

Question in this section are comparatively easier than other ones. You need to attempt questions carefully to get all attempts correct.

Analogy trick to solve in 10secs

you can expect atleast one qustion in bank exams

In analogy based questions a particular relation is being expressed between given words. Analogy based tests generally assess a candidate’s overall knowledge, power of reasoning and ability to think concisely and accurately. This section can help you earn higher marks but for that you should learn relationships which can be-

Instruments & Measurements

Seismograph: Earthquake

Individual & Groups

Man: Crowd

Study & Topics

Ethnology: Human Races

Worker & Tool

Blacksmith: Anvil

Also there exist many such relationships.

soon we update some commom words in analogy